One reason why your thesis is accurate. FINANCIAL RESOURCES A. Location 1, outlining essays. Finally, your last set of sentences about your specific notes should show the order of the sentences within each outlining essays. Do I have to stick to my essay outline as I write? When writing an essay outline for yourself, the choice is yours.
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Trying to devise a structure for your essay can be one of the most difficult parts of the writing process, outlining essays. Making a detailed outline before you begin writing is a good way to make sure your ideas come across in a clear and logical order. A good outline will also save you time in the revision process, outlining essays, reducing the possibility that your ideas will need to be rearranged once you've written them. The First Steps. Before you can begin outlining, you need to have a sense of what you will argue in the essay. Let's say you are writing about the Republican Primary and you want to prove that each candidate's financial resources were the most important element in the race.
At this point, your notes probably lack much coherent order. Most likely, your ideas are still in the order in which they occurred to you; your notes and possible quotes probably still adhere to the chronology of the sources you've examined. Your goal is to outlining essays your ideas, notes, and quotes—the raw material of your essay—into an order that outlining essays supports your argument, outlining essays, not the arguments you've read in other people's works. To do this, you have to group your notes into categories and then arrange these categories in a logical order, outlining essays.
The first step is to look over each individual piece of information that you've written and assign it to a general category, outlining essays. Ask yourself, "If I were to file this in a database, what would I file it under? Your goal is to reduce your notes to no more than a page of category listings. Now examine your category headings. Do any seem repetitive? Do any go together? Individual pieces of information that at first seemed important can begin to appear irrelevant when grouped into a general category.
Now it's time to generalize again. Examine all your categories and look for common themes, outlining essays. Go through each category and ask yourself, outlining essays I were to place this piece of information in a file cabinet, what would I label that cabinet? With your notes grouped into generalized categories, the process of ordering them should be easier. To begin, look at your most general categories. With your thesis in mind, outlining essays, try to find a way that the labels might be arranged in a sentence or two that supports your argument, outlining essays.
Let's say your thesis is that financial resources played the most important role in the Republican Primary. Your four most general categories are "Policy Initiatives," "Financial Resources," "Voters' Concerns," and "Voters' Loyalty. Ó This sentence should reveal the order of your most general categories. You will begin with an examination of McCain's and Bush's views outlining essays important issues and compare them to the voters' top concerns. Then you'll look at both outlining essays financial resources and show how Bush could win voters' loyalty through effective use of his resources, despite his less popular policy ideas.
With your most general categories in order, you now must order the smaller categories. To do so, arrange each smaller category into a sentence or two that will support the more general sentence you've just devised. Under the category of "Financial Resources," for instance, you might have the smaller categories of "Ad Expenditure," "Campaign Contributions" and "Fundraising. The final step of the outlining process is to repeat this procedure outlining essays the smallest level, with the original notes that you took for your essay. To order what probably was an unwieldy and disorganized set of information at the beginning of this process, outlining essays, you need now only think of a sentence or two to support your general argument.
Outlining essays the category "Fundraising," for example, you might have quotes about each candidate's estimation of its importance, outlining essays, statistics about the amount of time each candidate spent fundraising, and an idea about how the importance of fundraising never can be overestimated. Sentences to support your general argument might read: "No candidate has ever raised too much money [your idea]. While both McCain and Bush acknowledged the importance of fundraising [your quotes], the numbers clearly point to Bush as the superior fundraiser [your statistics].
Putting It All Together. With these sentences, you have essentially constructed an outline for your essay. The most general ideas, which you organized in your first sentence, constitute the essay's sections. They follow the order in which you placed them in your sentence. The order of the smaller categories within each larger category determined by your secondary sentences indicates the order of the paragraphs within each section. Finally, your last set of sentences about your specific notes should show the order of the sentences within each paragraph. An outline for the essay about the Republican Primary showing only the sections worked out here would look something like this:.
VOTERS' CONCERNS. FINANCIAL RESOURCES. Original Idea. Campaign Contributions. Ad Expenditure. VOTERS' LOYALTY. CopyrightDavid Kornhaber, for the Writing Center at Harvard University. Skip to main content. Main Menu Utility Menu Search. Harvard College Writing Program HARVARD. FAQ Schedule an appointment Writing Resources English Grammar and Language Tutor Departmental Writing Fellows Writing Resources Writing Advice: The Barker Underground Blog Meet outlining essays tutors! Contact Us. The First Steps Before you can begin outlining, outlining essays, you need to have a sense of what you will argue in the essay, outlining essays. Generalizing The first step is to look over each individual piece of information that you've written outlining essays assign it to a general category.
Ordering With your notes grouped into generalized categories, the process of ordering them should be easier. Putting It All Together With these sentences, you have essentially constructed an outline for your essay. An outline for the essay about the Republican Primary showing only the sections worked out here would look something like this: I. VOTERS' CONCERNS III. FINANCIAL RESOURCES A. Fundraising a. Original Idea b. Campaign Contributions C. Ad Expenditure IV. VOTERS' LOYALTY CopyrightDavid Kornhaber, for the Outlining essays Center at Harvard University. Writing Resources Strategies for Essay Writing How to Read an Assignment How to Do a Close Reading Developing A Thesis Outlining Topic Sentences and Signposting Transitioning: Beware of Velcro How to Write a Comparative Outlining essays Ending the Essay: Conclusions Brief Guides to Writing in the Disciplines.
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You can choose whether to write your outline in full sentences or short phrases. See an example. Examples of outlines for different types of essays are presented below: an argumentative, expository, and literary analysis essay. It uses short phrases to summarize each point. This is the outline for an expository essay describing how the invention of the printing press affected life and politics in Europe. The paragraphs are still summarized in short phrases here, but individual points are described with full sentences. The body of the essay is divided into three different themes, each of which is explored through examples from the book.
You will sometimes be asked to hand in an essay outline before you start writing your essay. Your supervisor wants to see that you have a clear idea of your structure so that writing will go smoothly. Even when you do not have to hand it in, writing an essay outline is an important part of the writing process. If you have to hand in your essay outline , you may be given specific guidelines stating whether you have to use full sentences. When writing an essay outline for yourself, the choice is yours. Some students find it helpful to write out their ideas in full sentences, while others prefer to summarize them in short phrases.
You should try to follow your outline as you write your essay. Have a language expert improve your writing. Check your paper for plagiarism in 10 minutes. Do the check. Generate your APA citations for free! APA Citation Generator. Receive feedback on language, structure and formatting Professional editors proofread and edit your paper by focusing on: Academic style Vague sentences Grammar Style consistency See an example. Under each section heading, jot down a few of the key points you plan to discuss there. You might also want to drop in links to the sources you plan on citing.
There are a few different ways to label your outline. Two of the most widely used are topic outlines and sentence outlines. Both of these kinds of outlines are organized like bullet lists, which makes it easy to visualize a lot of information in just a few lines. In a topic outline, you sketch out your writing using keywords and phrases. A sentence outline lists each section of the piece as a full sentence. For example, your sentence outline might look like:. Notice how both types follow the same structure: the thesis in the introductory section, followed by each body paragraph with its supporting data nested beneath. Your outline is just a bare-bones version of your first draft that tells you what you need to cover and the order in which to make your points.
It shows what information each section or paragraph will contain, and in what order. It allows the writer to understand how he or she will connect information to support the thesis statement and the claims of the paper. An outline provides the writer with a space to consider ideas easily without needing to write complete paragraphs or sentences. Before beginning an outline, it is useful to have a clear thesis statement or clear purpose or argument, as everything else in the outline is going to work to support the thesis. Note: the outline might help inform the thesis, and therefore your thesis might change or develop within the outlining process.
Organize your outline in whatever format fits into the structure needed for the type of paper you are writing. One common outline format uses Roman numerals, letters, and numbers. Other outlines can use bullet points or other symbols. You can use whatever organizational patterns work best for you and your paper, as long as you understand your own organizational tools. Outlines can be written using complete sentences or fragments or a mix of the two. After creating your outline, you may decide to reorganize your ideas by putting them in a different order. Furthermore, as you are writing you might make some discoveries and can, of course, always adjust or deviate from the outline as needed.
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